The specific system that a rustic is dominated by is often decided by its historical past, connections with different nations, or its adherence to worldwide standards. The sources that jurisdictions undertake as authoritatively binding are the defining features of any authorized system. Yet classification is a matter of type rather than substance since similar guidelines typically Law prevail. Ancient Egyptian law, dating way back to 3000 BC, was based on the idea of Ma’at and characterised by tradition, rhetorical speech, social equality and impartiality. By the 22nd century BC, the ancient Sumerian ruler Ur-Nammu had formulated the first law code, which consisted of casuistic statements (“if … then …”). Around 1760 BC, King Hammurabi further developed Babylonian law, by codifying and inscribing it in stone.

However, for therefore known as “strict legal responsibility” crimes, an actus reus is enough. Criminal systems of the civil law custom distinguish between intention within …